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Catalan viticulture is spread across eleven denominaciones de origen and one DOCa—Priorat, the only one outside Rioja. The proximity to the Mediterranean, the protection of the Pyrenees and the Serra del Montsant mountains, and the diversity of soils—granite in Alella, slate in Priorat, limestone in Penedès and Conca de Barberà—produce a variety of styles unparalleled in a region of moderate size.
Penedès is the productive hub, with the greatest production volume and the heart of Cava. Priorat and Montsant represent the expression of high-concentration Mediterranean reds on slate. Garnacha, Cariñena, Xarel-lo, Macabeo, and Parellada are the benchmark indigenous varieties; Tempranillo, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Chardonnay have a wide presence, especially in Penedès.